avibactam (NXL-104) belongs to the diazoxabicycloctanone compound and is currently the most promising non-β -lactam inhibitor. It does not have obvious antibacterial activity by itself, but can inhibit β -lactamases of type A (including ESBL and KPC) and type C. Therefore, when used in combination with various cephalosporins and carbapenem antibiotics, it has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, especially significant against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae containing extended-spectrum β -lactamase, Escherichia coli containing excessive AmpC enzyme, and Escherichia coli containing both AmpC and extended-spectrum β -lactamase.