5-Fluorouracil

5-fluorouracil, abbreviated as fluorouracil, is a pyrimidine class of anti metabolic drugs. It is a commonly used chemotherapy drug in clinical practice and has effects on all stages of proliferation. It can prevent the formation of thymine, inhibit DNA biosynthesis, and thus inhibit the growth of cancer cells. Clinically used to treat gastrointestinal tumors, such as gastric cancer, colon cancer, liver cancer, etc. It is also effective for breast cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, bladder cancer cancer, cervical cancer, pancreatic cancer, etc. The cancer skin treatment produced in Switzerland is a cream containing 5% of this product, mainly used for sunburn keratosis and senile keratosis, precancerous dermatitis, single and multiple superficial basal cell carcinoma, cancer stage and superficial basal cell carcinoma after radiation skin disease damage. 5-fluorouracil is first converted into 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine nucleotides in the body, inhibiting thymidine nucleotide synthase and blocking the conversion of uracil deoxyribonucleotides into thymidine deoxyribonucleotides, thereby affecting DNA biosynthesis. Meanwhile, it can incorporate RNA and directly inhibit RNA synthesis by blocking the incorporation of uracil and whey acid into RNA. This medicine is mainly broken down and metabolized in the liver, with most of it broken down into carbon dioxide and excreted through respiration, and very little excreted through urine. There is a significant difference in absorption after oral administration; After intravenous administration, its plasma concentration quickly decreases within two hours; Within 30 minutes after intravenous injection, it can reach the cerebrospinal fluid and maintain for 3 hours; The toxicity of continuous intravenous infusion is milder than that of single intravenous infusion; The therapeutic effect of intravenous administration is also higher than that of oral administration. Fluorouracil is more toxic to proliferating cells than non proliferating cells, but there is no significant cell cycle specificity. The resistance to fluorouracil may be the result of a lack of enzymes necessary for its activity or an increase in the activity of thymidylate synthase.