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Cyclophosphamide (CTX) is a non-specific cytotoxic drug in the cell cycle, but it has a stronger effect on the G2 phase (late stage of DNA synthesis), and the main immunosuppressive mechanisms are: (1) reduce the absolute number of T and B lymphocytes, and are more obvious to B lymphocytes in the early stage. (2) Obviously inhibit the transformation of mother cells after lymphocyte stimulation of specific antigens. Inhibition after mitotic stimulation is inferior to specific antigens. (3) Inhibit antibody reaction to neoantigens and skin retardation and allergic reaction. (4) Reduce elevated immunoglobulin water Chemicalbook flat, long-term use (several years) may appear hypogammaglobulinemia. (5) Selectively inhibit the function of B lymphocytes in test tubes, reduce the spontaneous production of immunoglobulins by some B lymphocytes, and inhibit the production of immunoglobulins after stimulation of general mitogens. Cyclophosphamide has no cytotoxic effect before metabolism, and its activation must rely on the oxidation of cytochrome P450 in the microsomal enzyme system of hepatocytes to form 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide, and then turn into highly active phosphoramide nitrogen mustard after ring opening, thereby exerting cytotoxicity.
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Pharma Sources Insight JANUARY 2024
