Semaglutide Demonstrated Significant Reductions in Blood Sugar and Weight Compared with Dulaglutide;

Results from the SUSTAIN 7 trial, which investigated the efficacy and safety of 0.5 mg semaglutide compared with 0.75 mg dulaglutide and 1.0 mg semaglutide compared with 1.5 mg dulaglutide, when added to metformin, have been published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology.^[1] The 40-week trial showed that people with type 2 diabetes treated with once-weekly semaglutide experienced statistically greater reductions in HbA_1c and body weight compared to treatment with dulaglutide.^[1]

"It is imperative that clinical trial findings are published and made available to clinicians and the scientific community," said Mads Krogsgaard Thomsen, executive vice president and chief science officer at Novo Nordisk. "SUSTAIN 7 is an important head-to-head trial, demonstrating significant efficacy of once-weekly semaglutide vs dulaglutide, and we are pleased that the full manuscript is now available in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology."

From a mean baseline of 8.2%, HbA_1c was reduced by 1.5% with semaglutide 0.5 mg compared to 1.1% with dulaglutide 0.75 mg. At the high doses, semaglutide 1.0 mg reduced HbA_1c by 1.8% compared to 1.4% with dulaglutide 1.5 mg. The estimated treatment difference (ETD) was statistically significant in both the low-dose and high-dose comparisons at -0.40% and -0.41%, respectively.^[1] The HbA_1c and body weight reductions achieved with semaglutide in SUSTAIN 7 were consistent with those results observed in the other efficacy studies in the SUSTAIN clinical trial programme.^[2-6]

"As a clinician, I know first-hand how challenging it can be to help people living with type 2 diabetes reach their treatment goals," said Richard E. Pratley, lead author and diabetes program lead at the Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, Florida, US. "Type 2 diabetes is a complex disease and the significant glucose control and weight loss achieved with once-weekly semaglutide compared with dulaglutide are encouraging, as more treatment options are needed."

Using the American Diabetes Association (ADA) treatment target of HbA_1c below 7.0%, significantly more people treated with semaglutide compared with dulaglutide, at both dose levels, achieved the ADA treatment target (68% and 79% on 0.5 mg and 1.0 mg semaglutide vs 52% and 67% on 0.75 mg and 1.5 mg dulaglutide).^[1]

Furthermore, from a mean baseline of 95.2 kg, body weight was reduced by 4.6 kg in people treated with semaglutide 0.5 mg compared with 2.3 kg in people treated with dulaglutide 0.75 mg, and by 6.5 kg in people treated with semaglutide 1.0 mg compared with 3.0 kg in people treated with dulaglutide 1.5 mg.^[1]

The overall safety profiles of semaglutide and dulaglutide were similar in SUSTAIN 7. Gastrointestinal disorders were the most frequently reported adverse events and occurred in a similar proportion of people receiving semaglutide 0.5 mg (129 patients; 43%), semaglutide 1.0 mg (133 patients; 44%) and dulaglutide 1.5 mg (143 patients; 48%); fewer people experienced gastrointestinal disorders with dulaglutide 0.75 mg (100 patients; 33%). Premature treatment discontinuation due to adverse events was less than 10% across all treatment groups.^[1]

About the SUSTAIN 7 trial 
SUSTAIN 7 is a phase 3b, 40-week, efficacy and safety trial of 0.5 mg semaglutide (n=301) vs 0.75 mg dulaglutide (n=299) and 1.0 mg semaglutide (n=300) vs 1.5 mg dulaglutide (n=299), both once-weekly, as add-on to metformin in 1,201 people with type 2 diabetes. The primary outcome measure was change in HbA_1c from baseline after 40 weeks of treatment with semaglutide compared to dulaglutide.^[1] Change in body weight from baseline to week 40, and the HbA_1c treatment target of below 7.0% at 40 weeks, were predefined secondary endpoints.^[1]

About semaglutide 
Semaglutide is a once-weekly analogue of human glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) that stimulates insulin and suppresses glucagon secretion in a glucose-dependent manner, while decreasing appetite and food intake.

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