Podophyllotoxin

Product name: Podophyllotoxin
Latin name: Podophyllotoxin Tincture
Active ingredients: Podophyllotoxin
Origin: Rootstock
Specification: 95%,98% ,99%Podophyllotoxin
Appearance: White Powder
CAS#: 518-28-5
Molecular formula: C22H22O8
Molecular Weight: 414.41
Extract Method:Grain alcohol
Test Method:HPLC
 

Usages and applications:
Podophyllotoxin displays a range of activities such as cathartic, purgative, antiviral, vesicant, and antihelminthic. Additionally, the lignan and its derivatives are exciting leads for anti-tumor agent. For instance, podophyllotoxin is the pharmacological precursor for the important anticancer drug etoposide.
It is also used as a gel or solution to treat genital warts with noticeably shorter duration and fewer side effects. 

Mechanism of action:
Podophyllotoxin's anticancer property can be attributed to the inhibition of tubulin polymerization. As podophyllotoxin binds to the tubulin, microtubule formation is prevented. Consequently, podophyllotoxin arrests the cell cycle in the metaphase.
 
Podophyllotoxin derivatives display binding activity to the enzyme topoisomerase II during the late S and early G2 stage. For instance, etoposide binds and stabilizes the temporary break caused by the enzyme, disrupts the reparation of the break through which the double-stranded DNA passes, and consequently stops DNA unwinding and replication.Mutants resistant to either podophyllotoxin, or to its topoisomerase II inhibitory derivatives such as etoposide (VP-16), have been described in Chinese hamster cells.The mutually exclusive cross-resistance patterns of these mutants provide a highly specific mean to distinguish the two kinds of podophyllotoxin derivatives.Mutant Chinese hamster cells resistant to podophyllotoxin are affected in a protein P1 that was later identified as the mammalian HSP60 or chaperonin protein.